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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Year : 2015  |  Volume : 2  |  Issue : 3  |  Page : 123-127

Sonographic measurement of renal dimensions of adults in northwestern Nigeria: a preliminary report


1 Department of Radiology, Usumanu Dan Fodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
2 Department of Radiology, Federal Medical Center, Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria
3 Department of Medicine, Nephrology Unit, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria

Correspondence Address:
Sadisu Mohammed Maaji
Department of Radiology, Usumanu Dan Fodiyo University, Sokoto
Nigeria
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Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None


DOI: 10.4103/2384-5147.164420

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Background: The kidney size of a patient is a valuable diagnostic parameter in urological and nephrology practice. Renal size may be an indicator for the loss of kidney mass and, therefore, kidney function. Because many renal disorders are associated with changes in the sizes of the kidneys, normative standards for assessing renal size have been developed and are widely used in clinical practice. Ultrasound imaging is relatively inexpensive, fast, noninvasive, and free of radiation and has largely replaced the intravenous urogram as the first modality for the evaluation of the urinary system. The aim of this study was to establish some normal preliminary renal dimensions data of Nigerian population in Northwestern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Renal ultrasound measurements were performed on 104 consecutive volunteers without known kidney pathology in a tertiary institution between January and December 2013. Ethical permit was obtained from the Ethical Committee of the Hospital. There were 50 females and 54 males. Before proceeding to ultrasound scanning, the procedure was explained to the respondents, and their consent obtained. The longitudinal length, width, thickness and volume of the right and left kidney were measured. In addition, the age, sex, weight, body mass index, and height of the respondents were recorded. All renal scans were done with a single real-time dynamic ultrasound scanner (concept D) using a 3.5 MHZ curvilinear probe. Hard copy images were taken for documentations, and all the measurements were done by two trained radiologists to reduce intraobserver errors. Results: A total of 104 volunteers, 50 females and 54 males were scanned. The mean age was 30.4 ± standard deviation 19 years (18-70). The mean kidney length was 11.3 ± 8.8 and 11.6 ± 9.8 for right and left kidney, respectively. The mean height and weight was 1.67 ± 0.85 and 70.9 ± 11.2, respectively. The mean kidney width was 4.4 ± 0.71 and 5.2 ± 5.26 for right and left kidney, respectively. The mean renal thickness was 4.7 ± 0.67 and 4.5 ± 0.68 for right and left kidney, respectively. The renal volume was 109.6 ± 29.3 on the right and 119.7 ± 32.8 on the left. The body mass index was calculated to be 25.1 ± 3.96 (16.18) and 26.0 ± 5.36 (24.7) for female and male, respectively. Renal measurements were correlated with the subject's height, weight, body mass index using the Pearson's correlation. The strongest correlation with renal volume is age, the correlation coefficient was 0.997 (P < 0.001). Conclusion: We established valuable normal values of renal dimensions in the adult Nigerian population (North Western region). The weight, height, body mass index were also taken into consideration with positive correlations between renal volume and age, height, and body mass index.


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